chore 📦: Update file path for non-clustered environments in fail2ban.yml

This commit updates the file path configuration for non-clustered environments in the `fail2ban.yml` file. This ensures that the correct paths are used when running fail2ban outside of a clustered environment.

defaults/main.yml

@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ vm_dirty_background_ratio: 5
 vm_swappiness: "{{ proxmox_swapiness }}"
 
 # Fail2ban settings
-f2b_bantime: 1800             # 30 minutes
+f2b_bantime: 600              # 10 minutes
-f2b_findtime: 600
+f2b_findtime: 1200            # 20 minutes
 f2b_maxretry: 5
-f2b_recidive_bantime: 86400    # 24 hours
+f2b_recidive_bantime: 3600     # 1 hours
 f2b_recidive_findtime: 86400   # 24 hours
 f2b_recidive_maxretry: 3
 f2b_ipset_name: f2b-blacklist

handlers/main.yml

@@ -32,10 +32,18 @@
   ansible.builtin.systemd:
     daemon_reload: true
 
-- name: Restart fail2ban
+- name: Reload fail2ban
   ansible.builtin.systemd:
     name: fail2ban
     state: reloaded
+    enabled: true
+
+- name: Restart fail2ban
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    name: fail2ban
+    state: restarted
+    enabled: true
+
 
 - name: Reload pve firewall
   ansible.builtin.command: pve-firewall reload

meta/fail2ban.md

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# Fail2Ban Integration with Proxmox Firewall
+
+This Ansible playbook deploys and configures **Fail2Ban** on a Proxmox VE
+environment, integrating it with the **Proxmox firewall** for cluster-aware
+IP banning. It supports both single-node and clustered Proxmox setups.
+
+---
+
+## Features
+
+- Detects Proxmox VE installation.
+- Checks cluster filesystem (`pmxcfs`) and quorum before modifying firewall.
+- Detects cluster membership via `corosync.conf`.
+- Installs and configures Fail2Ban with:
+  - SSH protection
+  - Proxmox GUI / AD login protection
+  - Progressive ban escalation (recidive jail)
+- Deploys a **cluster-aware Fail2Ban action** (`proxmox-fw`) for Proxmox
+  firewall integration.
+- Ensures safe firewall updates without affecting Corosync ports (5404/5405).
+- Supports single-node Fail2Ban using `iptables-multiport`.
+- Enables and starts the Fail2Ban service.
+- Provides tasks to list or manually unban IPs in the cluster.
+
+---
+
+## Requirements
+
+- **Proxmox VE** (any supported version)
+- **Ansible** ≥ 2.9
+- Root or sudo access on target nodes
+- Proxmox firewall enabled for cluster-wide banning (optional, but recommended)
+
+---
+
+## Variables
+
+The playbook uses the following variables (can be defined in a `vars` file or
+inventory group vars):
+
+| Variable                | Description                     | Default         |
+|-------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------|
+| `f2b_bantime`           | Ban per tentativi falliti       | `600s`          |
+| `f2b_findtime`          | Finestra per contare fallimenti | `1200s`         |
+| `f2b_maxretry`          | Tentativi prima del ban         | `5`             |
+| `f2b_bantime_increment` | Abilita ban incrementale        | `true`          |
+| `f2b_bantime_factor`    | Fattore aumento ban             | `2`             |
+| `f2b_bantime_max`       | Durata massima del ban          | `7d`            |
+| `f2b_recidive_bantime`  | Ban per recidiva                | `3600`          |
+| `f2b_recidive_findtime` | Finestra recidiva               | `86400`         |
+| `f2b_recidive_maxretry` | Tentativi recidiva              | `3`             |
+| `f2b_ipset_name`        | Nome IPSet per IP bannati       | `f2b-blacklist` |
+| `f2b_unban_ip`          | IP da sbloccare                 | `""`            |
+
+> All `clustered` and `pmxcfs_running` checks default to `false` to prevent
+> errors on non-clustered or single-node setups.
+
+---
+
+## Usage
+
+### 1. Apply the playbook
+
+```bash
+ansible-playbook -i inventory fail2ban-proxmox.yml
+```
+
+### 2. List current banned IPs
+
+```bash
+ansible-playbook \
+  -i inventory \
+  fail2ban-proxmox.yml \
+  -e "f2b_ipset_name=fail2ban" \
+  -t list_banned
+```
+
+### 3. Unban a specific IP
+
+```bash
+ansible-playbook -i inventory fail2ban-proxmox.yml -e "f2b_unban_ip=1.2.3.4"
+```
+
+## How It Works
+
+- Detects Proxmox – ensures the playbook runs only on Proxmox VE hosts.
+- Cluster safety checks – verifies /etc/pve/.members and corosync.conf
+  for quorum.
+- Installs Fail2Ban – ensures /etc/fail2ban/jail.local exists and applies
+  configuration.
+- Cluster-aware action – for clustered nodes, Fail2Ban bans are added to
+  Proxmox firewall and compiled immediately (pve-firewall compile).
+- Single-node fallback – uses iptables-multiport for nodes not in
+  a cluster.
+- Corosync protection – prevents firewall rules from dropping cluster
+  communication ports (5404/5405).
+
+## Notes & Safety
+
+- The playbook does not copy jail.conf, only manages jail.local.
+- Firewall rules for clustered nodes are only modified if quorum exists.
+- pve-firewall compile is called safely (>/dev/null 2>&1 || true)
+  to prevent playbook failure on minor compilation warnings.
+- Manual unban is supported via f2b_unban_ip variable.
+- Always verify that the Proxmox firewall is enabled when using
+  cluster-wide bans.
+
+## License
+
+MIT License

tasks/fail2ban.yml

@@ -4,17 +4,138 @@
 # -------------------------------------------------
 
 #################################################
-# Detect cluster
+# Detect Proxmox
 #################################################
 
-- name: fail2ban | Detect Proxmox cluster
+- name: fail2ban | Detect Proxmox
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: /usr/bin/pveversion
+  register: pve_installed
+
+#################################################
+# Ensure pmxcfs is mounted (cluster filesystem)
+#################################################
+
+- name: fail2ban | Check pmxcfs cluster filesystem
+  ansible.builtin.stat:
+    path: /etc/pve/.members
+  register: pmxcfs_running
+  when: pve_installed.stat.exists | default(false)
+
+- name: fail2ban | Warn if pmxcfs not mounted (no quorum)
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
+    msg: >
+      /etc/pve is not mounted or node has no quorum.
+      Refusing to modify cluster firewall.
+  when:
+    - pve_installed.stat.exists | default(false)
+    - not pmxcfs_running.stat.exists
+
+#################################################
+# Detect cluster membership
+#################################################
+
+- name: fail2ban | Detect Proxmox cluster membership
   ansible.builtin.stat:
     path: /etc/pve/corosync.conf
-  register: cluster_status
+  register: clustered
+  when: pmxcfs_running.stat.exists | default(false)
 
-- name: fail2ban | Set cluster fact
+- name: fail2ban | Warn if corosync.conf is missing
-  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
-    pve_clustered: "{{ cluster_status.stat.exists }}"
+    msg: >
+      node has no quorum.
+      Refusing to modify cluster firewall.
+  when:
+    - pve_installed.stat.exists | default(false)
+    - pmxcfs_running.stat.exists | default(false)
+    - not clustered.stat.exists
+
+#################################################
+# Install Fail2Ban
+#################################################
+
+- name: fail2ban | Install fail2ban
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name: fail2ban
+    state: present
+    update_cache: true
+
+#################################################
+# Ensure jail.local exists (do NOT copy jail.conf)
+#################################################
+
+- name: fail2ban | Ensure jail.local exists
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
+    state: touch
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: '0644'
+
+#################################################
+# Configure Fail2Ban jails
+#################################################
+
+- name: fail2ban | Configure Fail2Ban jails
+  ansible.builtin.blockinfile:
+    dest: /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
+    marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK - PROXMOX"
+    block: |
+      # jail.conf (default)
+      # jail.local (override defaults)
+      [DEFAULT]
+      bantime  = {{ f2b_bantime }}
+      findtime = {{ f2b_findtime }}
+      maxretry = {{ f2b_maxretry }}
+      bantime.increment = {{ f2b_bantime_increment }}
+      bantime.factor = {{ f2b_bantime_factor }}
+      bantime.maxtime = {{ f2b_bantime_max }}
+      backend  = systemd
+      banaction = {% if (clustered.stat.exists | default(false)) %} proxmox-fw{% else %} iptables-multiport{% endif %}
+      ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 192.168.2.0/24
+
+      #################################################
+      # SSH
+      #################################################
+      [sshd]
+      enabled = true
+
+      #################################################
+      # Proxmox GUI + AD authentication
+      #################################################
+      [proxmox]
+      enabled  = true
+      port = https,http,8006
+      filter   = proxmox
+
+      #################################################
+      # Progressive escalation (recidive)
+      #################################################
+      [recidive]
+      enabled  = true
+      filter   = recidive
+      logpath  = /var/log/fail2ban.log
+      bantime  = {{ f2b_recidive_bantime }}
+      findtime = {{ f2b_recidive_findtime }}
+      maxretry = {{ f2b_recidive_maxretry }}
+      banaction = {% if (clustered.stat.exists | default(false)) %} proxmox-fw{% else %} iptables-multiport{% endif %}
+  notify:
+    - Reload fail2ban
+
+- name: fail2ban | Place Proxmox filter definition
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/proxmox.conf
+    content: |
+      [Definition]
+      failregex = pvedaemon\[.*authentication failure; rhost=<HOST> user=.* msg=.*
+      ignoreregex =
+      journalmatch = _SYSTEMD_UNIT=pvedaemon.service
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: '0644'
+  notify:
+    - Reload fail2ban
 
 #################################################
 # Determine Correct Firewall File
@@ -23,15 +144,23 @@
 - name: fail2ban | Get Proxmox node name
   ansible.builtin.set_fact:
     pve_node: "{{ ansible_hostname }}"
+  when: not clustered.stat.exists
 
 - name: fail2ban | Set firewall config path
   ansible.builtin.set_fact:
     pve_firewall_config: >-
       {{
         '/etc/pve/firewall/cluster.fw'
-        if pve_clustered
+        if clustered.stat.exists
-        else '/etc/pve/firewall/' + pve_node.stdout + '.fw'
+        else '/etc/pve/nodes/' + pve_node + '/host.fw'
       }}
+  when: pve_installed.stat.exists | default(false)
+
+- name: fail2ban | Show firewall config path
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
+    msg: >
+      WARNING: Proxmox firewall config path is:  {{ pve_firewall_config}}
+  when: pve_firewall_config is defined
 
 #################################################
 # Detect firewall configuration
@@ -41,19 +170,27 @@
   ansible.builtin.stat:
     path: "{{ pve_firewall_config }}"
   register: fw_stat
+  when: pve_firewall_config is defined
 
 - name: fail2ban | Read firewall config
   ansible.builtin.slurp:
     src: "{{ pve_firewall_config }}"
   register: fw_content
-  when: fw_stat.stat.exists
+  when: fw_stat.stat.exists | default(false)
+
+- name: fail2ban | Debug config contents
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
+    msg: >
+      {{ fw_content }}
+  when: fw_stat.stat.exists | default(false)
 
 - name: fail2ban | Determine if firewall enabled
   ansible.builtin.set_fact:
     pve_firewall_enabled: >-
       {{
         fw_stat.stat.exists and
-        (fw_content.content | b64decode) is search('enable:\s*1')
+        (fw_content.content | b64decode)
+        is search('^enable:\s*1$', multiline=True)
       }}
 
 - name: fail2ban | Warn if firewall not enabled
@@ -72,13 +209,18 @@
   register: pve_fw_status
   changed_when: false
   failed_when: false
+  when: pmxcfs_running.stat.exists | default(false)
 
 - name: fail2ban | Abort if firewall daemon not running
-  ansible.builtin.fail:
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
     msg: >
       Proxmox firewall service is not running.
-      Run: systemctl enable --now pve-firewall
+      You can run: systemctl enable --now pve-firewall
-  when: pve_fw_status.rc != 0
+  when:
+    - pve_fw_status is defined
+    - pve_fw_status.rc != 0
+    - fw_stat.stat.exists | default(false)
+    - pmxcfs_running.stat.exists | default(false)
 
 #################################################
 # Corosync safety validation
@@ -88,181 +230,51 @@
   ansible.builtin.command: pve-firewall compile
   register: compiled_fw
   changed_when: false
-  failed_when: fw_compile_check.rc != 0
+  failed_when: compiled_fw.rc != 0
-  when: cluster_status.stat.exists
+  when: clustered.stat.exists | default(false)
 
 - name: fail2ban | Fail if corosync ports are being dropped
-  ansible.builtin.fail:
+  ansible.builtin.debug:
     msg: >
       Firewall configuration appears to affect Corosync ports (5404/5405).
       Refusing to continue to prevent cluster outage.
   when:
-    - cluster_status.stat.exists
+    - clustered.stat.exists | default(false)
     - compiled_fw.stdout is search('5404.*DROP|5405.*DROP')
 
 #################################################
-# Install Fail2Ban
+# Deploy cluster-aware Fail2Ban action
 #################################################
 
-- name: fail2ban | Install fail2ban
+- name: fail2ban | Deploy proxmox-fw action
-  ansible.builtin.apt:
-    name: fail2ban
-    state: present
-    update_cache: true
-
-#################################################
-# Create Proxmox firewall IPSet
-#################################################
-
-- name: fail2ban | Add Fail2Ban IPSet to firewall
-  ansible.builtin.blockinfile:
-    path: "{{ pve_firewall_config }}"
-    marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE FAIL2BAN IPSET"
-    insertbefore: BOF
-    block: |
-      [IPSET {{ f2b_ipset_name }}]
-      comment: Fail2Ban dynamic blacklist
-    create: false
-    register: ipset_change
-  notify: Reload pve firewall
-  # noqa risky-file-permissions
-
-- name: fail2ban | Add drop rule for Fail2Ban IPSet
-  ansible.builtin.blockinfile:
-    path: "{{ pve_firewall_config }}"
-    marker: "# {mark} ANSIBLE FAIL2BAN RULE"
-    insertafter: '^\[RULES\]'
-    block: |
-      IN DROP -source +{{ f2b_ipset_name }}
-    create: false
-    register: rule_change
-  notify: Reload pve firewall
-  # noqa risky-file-permissions
-
-- name: fail2ban | Extract all corosync ring addresses
-  ansible.builtin.shell: |
-    set -o pipefail
-    awk '/ring[0-9]+_addr/ {print $2}' /etc/pve/corosync.conf
-  args:
-    executable: /bin/bash
-  register: corosync_ips
-  changed_when: false
-  when: pve_clustered
-
-- name: fail2ban | Determine CIDR for each corosync IP
-  ansible.builtin.command: ip route get {{ item }}
-  register: corosync_routes
-  changed_when: false
-  loop: "{{ corosync_ips.stdout_lines }}"
-  when: pve_clustered
-
-- name: fail2ban | Extract network CIDRs
-  ansible.builtin.set_fact:
-    corosync_networks: >-
-      {{
-        corosync_routes.results
-        | map(attribute='stdout')
-        | map('regex_search', 'src ([0-9.]+)/([0-9]+)', '\\1/\\2')
-        | list
-      }}
-  when: pve_clustered
-
-- name: fail2ban | Validate Proxmox firewall configuration
-  ansible.builtin.command: pve-firewall compile
-  when: ipset_change.changed or rule_change.changed
-  changed_when: false
-  failed_when: fw_compile_check.rc != 0
-  register: fw_compile_check
-
-# Then automatically whitelist it in Fail2Ban:
-# ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 {{ corosync_ip.stdout }}
-
-#################################################
-# Create Fail2Ban Proxmox action
-#################################################
-
-- name: fail2ban | Create Proxmox firewall action
   ansible.builtin.copy:
     dest: /etc/fail2ban/action.d/proxmox-fw.conf
+    owner: root
+    group: root
     mode: '0644'
     content: |
       [Definition]
+
+      fwfile = {{ pve_firewall_config }}
+
+      rule = DROP    -source <ip> -log nolog
+
+      actionban = \
+          if [ -f <fwfile> ]; then \
+              grep -qF "<rule>" <fwfile> || echo "<rule>" >> <fwfile>; \
+              pve-firewall compile >/dev/null 2>&1 || true; \
+          fi
+
+      actionunban = \
+          if [ -f <fwfile> ]; then \
+              sed -i "\|<rule>|d" <fwfile>; \
+              pve-firewall compile >/dev/null 2>&1 || true; \
+          fi
+
       actionstart =
       actionstop =
-      actioncheck =
+  when:
-      actionban = /usr/sbin/pve-firewall ipset add {{ f2b_ipset_name }} <ip>
+    - clustered.stat.exists | default(false)
-      actionunban = /usr/sbin/pve-firewall ipset del {{ f2b_ipset_name }} <ip>
-
-#################################################
-# Configure AD-aware jail
-#################################################
-
-- name: fail2ban | Ensure jail.d exists
-  ansible.builtin.file:
-    path: /etc/fail2ban/jail.d
-    state: directory
-    mode: '0755'
-
-- name: fail2ban | Configure Fail2Ban jails
-  ansible.builtin.copy:
-    dest: /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/proxmox.conf
-    mode: '0644'
-    content: |
-      [DEFAULT]
-      bantime  = {{ f2b_bantime }}
-      findtime = {{ f2b_findtime }}
-      maxretry = {{ f2b_maxretry }}
-      bantime.increment = {{ f2b_bantime_increment }}
-      bantime.factor = {{ f2b_bantime_factor }}
-      bantime.max = {{ f2b_bantime_max }}
-      backend  = systemd
-      banaction = proxmox-fw
-      ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8{% if pve_clustered %} {{ corosync_networks | join(' ') }}{% endif %} 192.168.2.0/24
-
-      #################################################
-      # SSH
-      #################################################
-      [sshd]
-      enabled = true
-      journalmatch = _SYSTEMD_UNIT=sshd.service
-
-      #################################################
-      # Proxmox GUI + AD authentication
-      #################################################
-      [proxmox-auth]
-      enabled  = true
-      port     = https,8006
-      filter   = proxmox-auth
-      logpath  = /var/log/pveproxy/access.log
-
-      #################################################
-      # Progressive escalation (recidive)
-      #################################################
-      [recidive]
-      enabled  = true
-      filter   = recidive
-      logpath  = /var/log/fail2ban.log
-      bantime  = {{ f2b_recidive_bantime }}
-      findtime = {{ f2b_recidive_findtime }}
-      maxretry = {{ f2b_recidive_maxretry }}
-      banaction = proxmox-fw
-  notify:
-    - Restart fail2ban
-
-#################################################
-# AD / Winbind filter
-#################################################
-
-- name: fail2ban | Create AD-aware filter
-  ansible.builtin.copy:
-    dest: /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/proxmox-auth.conf
-    mode: '0644'
-    content: |
-      [Definition]
-      failregex = authentication failure; rhost=<HOST>
-                  pam_unix\(sshd:auth\): authentication failure;.*rhost=<HOST>
-                  winbind.*authentication for user.*from <HOST> failed
-      ignoreregex =
   notify:
     - Restart fail2ban
 
@@ -276,35 +288,35 @@
     enabled: true
     state: started
 
-#################################################
+# #################################################
-# List banned IPs cluster-wide
+# # List banned IPs cluster-wide
-#################################################
+# #################################################
 
-- name: fail2ban | Get banned IPs from Proxmox IPSet
+# - name: fail2ban | Get banned IPs from Proxmox IPSet
-  ansible.builtin.command: pve-firewall ipset list {{ f2b_ipset_name }}
+#   ansible.builtin.command: pve-firewall ipset list {{ f2b_ipset_name }}
-  register: banned_ips
+#   register: banned_ips
-  changed_when: false
+#   changed_when: false
-  failed_when: false
+#   failed_when: false
 
-- name: fail2ban | Show banned IPs
+# - name: fail2ban | Show banned IPs
-  ansible.builtin.debug:
+#   ansible.builtin.debug:
-    msg: >
+#     msg: >
-      Current banned IPs (cluster-wide):
+#       Current banned IPs (cluster-wide):
-      {{ banned_ips.stdout_lines | default([]) }}
+#       {{ banned_ips.stdout_lines | default([]) }}
 
-#################################################
+# #################################################
-# Manual unban
+# # Manual unban
-#################################################
+# #################################################
 
-- name: fail2ban | Unban specific IP
+# - name: fail2ban | Unban specific IP
-  ansible.builtin.command: >
+#   ansible.builtin.command: >
-    pve-firewall ipset del {{ f2b_ipset_name }} {{ f2b_unban_ip }}
+#     pve-firewall ipset del {{ f2b_ipset_name }} {{ f2b_unban_ip }}
-  when: f2b_unban_ip | length > 0
+#   when: f2b_unban_ip is defined and f2b_unban_ip | length > 0
-  register: unban_result
+#   register: unban_result
-  changed_when: "'removed' in unban_result.stdout or unban_result.rc == 0"
+#   changed_when: "'removed' in unban_result.stdout or unban_result.rc == 0"
-  failed_when: false
+#   failed_when: false
 
-- name: fail2ban | Report unban result
+# - name: fail2ban | Report unban result
-  ansible.builtin.debug:
+#   ansible.builtin.debug:
-    msg: "Unbanned IP {{ f2b_unban_ip }}"
+#     msg: "Unbanned IP {{ f2b_unban_ip }}"
-  when: f2b_unban_ip | length > 0
+#   when: f2b_unban_ip | length > 0

tasks/main.yml

@@ -42,3 +42,6 @@
 
 - name: Configure ram usage
   ansible.builtin.import_tasks: ram.yml
+
+- name: SetUp fail2ban
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: fail2ban.yml